Understanding The Legal Systems Of The World Law Essay

Understanding The Legal Systems Of The World Law Essay I genuinely accept that our advanced society needs Law. Laws are rules that set out proper conduct, so we are required to adhere to this arrangement of rules, so as to keep everything adjusted and settled. Without the satisfaction of these ideal undertakings, man basically will get equivalent to creatures or more awful despite everything, permit their darker sides to rise and control their lives. Lawful Systems of the World For this reason each nation has a specific framework that the all residents are required to comply: forward-thinking there are around 200 nations on the planet and every one of them makes its own Legal System that depends on specific qualities and variables of the nation. The Legal System comprises of specific laws and decides that shape the residents ethical quality and conduct in the general public. There are numerous scholarly terms depicting what legitimate framework is yet from my perspective the best one is the portrayal by J.H Merryman: The three most broad Legal Systems are: Continental Law Legal System, Common Law Legal System and Religious Law Legal System. Every one of these legitimate frameworks is extraordinary and has its own particular highlights and individual structure. Lets investigate every framework and perceive how frameworks vary from one another or find their similitudes. Custom-based Law Legal System History, sources and structure The custom-based law framework wins in Britain and its previous provinces, including Australia, Canada, and the United States. Customarily, the custom-based law framework, as the name suggests, was administered not by a code, yet by court-made law that grew gradually after some time. It is unique in relation to the common law framework, which is presented generally in Europe and in regions colonized by France and Spain. The group of decisional law dependent on custom as pronounced by English adjudicators after the Norman Conquest of 1066. The customary law tenet of following point of reference, known as gaze decisis stays a significant part of both the English and American legitimate frameworks today. English precedent-based law depended fundamentally on custom, convention, and point of reference as opposed to a formal composed lawful code. Over hundreds of years of experience, the customary law turned into the significant effect on the advancement of American criminal law both when the American Revolution. After the Revolution, the custom-based law kept on being the fundamental law of most states. Notwithstanding, today practically all custom-based law standards and rules have been sanctioned by administrative bodies into rules with present day varieties. ). One of the intriguing qualities of the framework is that the customary law framework permits judges to look to different wards or to draw upon past or present legal experience for analogies to help in settling on a choice. This adaptability permits precedent-based law to manage changes that lead to unexpected debates. Common Law Legal System History, sources and structure what's more, created in Continental Europe and around the globe. It is isolated into two branches: the systematized Roman law and uncodified Roman law. The Differences and Similarities between the Legal Systems Precedent-based law and common law lawful frameworks share comparable social destinations: independence, radicalism and individual rights. A significant contrast between the common law and custom-based law is that need in common law is given to principle over law, while the inverse is valid in the customary law: it finds in judge-made point of reference the base of its law. The common law tenets capacity is to draw from cases the standards and the standards which will explain and cleanse the subject of debased components, and along these lines give both the training and the courts with a guide for the arrangement of specific cases later on. The precedent-based law creator centers around truth designs. The individual dissects cases introducing comparable however not indistinguishable realities, removing from the particular guidelines, and afterward, through reasoning, decides the frequently extremely thin extent of each standard, and some of the time proposes new principles to cover realities that have not yet introduced themselves. Customary law sets out another particular standard to another particular arrangement of realities and gives the chief wellspring of law, while common law statute applies general standards, and that law is just an auxiliary wellspring of law of clarification. Common law decisions are written in a more formalistic style than pr ecedent-based law decisions. Common law choices are without a doubt shorter than customary law choices, and are isolated into two sections the reasons and the request. This is on the grounds that common law judges are particularly prepared in exceptional schools made for the reason, while customary law judges are selected from among rehearsing legal counselors, without uncommon preparing. The technique for composing decisions is additionally extraordinary. Customary law decisions broadly uncover the realities, analyze or recognize them from the realities of past cases, and choose the particular legitimate principle pertinent to the current realities. Criminal Law and Civil Law Essential Information There are two parts of law: Criminal Law and Civil Law. That implies that when an individual oversteps any law, the person might be decided by what part of law it is. Criminal Law those laws for changing open wrongs that harm society by and large and Civil Law those laws for reviewing private wrongs to individuals. Civil law endeavors to right an off-base, settle a contest, or respect an understanding. The casualty is being repaid by the individual who is to blame, this turns into a lawful option to, or cultivated type of, retribution. Criminal law comprises of two principle branches considerable criminal law and procedural criminal law. Considerable criminal law precludes certain types of direct by characterizing what acts comprise violations and building up the boundaries of punishments. Procedural criminal law controls the requirement of the considerable criminal law, the assurance of blame, and the discipline of those saw as blameworthy of wrongdoings. Criminal Procedure and Civil Procedure Criminal Procedure. The part of the criminal law that manages the procedures by which violations are researched, arraigned, and rebuffed. In this manner, procedural criminal law is the procedure followed by police and the courts in the trepidation and discipline of crooks from the documenting of a protest by an individual from people in general or the capture of a suspect by the police, up to the time the litigant is sent to prison, or, whenever indicted, to jail. Common suit that manages private debates between parties is dependent upon the standards of common case, some of the time alluded to as common methodology. Criminal cases, manages acts that are offenses against society all in all, for example, murder and theft, as subject to the principles for criminal law, and is otherwise called the standards of criminal method.

Case Study -- Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Contextual investigation - Report - Essay Example The paper is legitimately applicable to the case in which the executives of representative relations and pledge to the association is the essence of all issues experienced at Ancol. (Wilde, 1985) The subsequent paper is â€Å"Fostering a domain of representative commitment to build duty and motivation† by Geoffrey C Lloyd. This paper utilizes a contextual analysis to hand-off its point. It is considering British Gas Company which prevailing after they actualized their boss executive’s proposal. The paper underlines on different manners by which a situation of representative commitment can be developed in an association. It lays center around the significance of strengthening, accelerating of correspondence process among the board and representatives and offers counsel to organizations who are considering rebuilding their association. The paper is applicable to Ancol. Indeed, even Ancol is battling with empowering work place profitability, checking absteeniesm and buildi ng up sound relations among the executives and representatives. The paper will offer knowledge into methods of improving things at Ancol and has a rich writing that will give more space for basic reasoning and examination. (LIoyd, 1996) The third paper is â€Å"Work Structuring for worker motivation† by Lyndon Jones. ... This is a generally little yet significant paper that clarifies manners by which great sound connections can be encouraged in a work place condition; on the sort of human asset arrangements that ought to be received. Investigation: Sims had been as of late designated as the director of the Sheparton plant of Ancol. This was a significant point in his profession and he needed to sort things out at Ancol by utilizing his administration skill. When Sims entered Ancol, he understood that the administration and worker relations were seriously stressed inside the association. There were some significant tiffs among them and they were not eye to eye regarding the authoritative objectives. Thus, the focal point of all his center was improving ties between the administration and representatives. In this offer to improve ties between the administration and the workers, he request the expulsion of time tickers from the plant. He felt that this signal will realize another degree of believability and fortify relations between the representatives and the administration at the site. The effect of this move was not totally beneficial. It proved to be productive at first however didn't have broad positive repercussions. The motion was acknowledged at first and many felt that was a positive exertion by the plant director. In any case, the issues started springing up two months after the fact. Absteenism in the plant rose, efficiency levels declined and different issues began developing. This issue must be handled. Sims attempted to tackle the issue by giving extra obligations to administrators of caring for emplolyee passageway and leaving issues and talking about it with them. be that as it may, the directors had no related knowledge at this and didn't have the

Essential Essays by The Minimalists

Essential Essays by The Minimalists Purchase “Helping us end our obsession with stuff.” â€"LA Weekly The best of  The Minimalists.  This book by Joshua Fields Millburn Ryan Nicodemus collects the most relevant essaysâ€"some short, some longâ€"from their popular website,  TheMinimalists.com. This collection has been edited and organized to create an experience thats considerably different from reading individual selections online. From simple living, decluttering, and finances, to passion, health, and relationships, Essential is for anyone who desires a more intentional life. Purchase Paperback:  Amazon   ·  Barnes Noble Ebook:  Kindle   · iBooks   ·  Google Play Audiobook:  Audible   ·  iTunes   ·  Amazon

Do You Believe God - 1587 Words

Do you believe in God? Do you even believe in a God? Is God even real? These questions are commonly asked and the reason for it is because people believe in different things depending on how they were raised growing up. This question is a very in depth question because a lot of people don’t know the real truth or actually understand if a God really does exist. Today I will be arguing against a few different philosophers who don’t believe in a God and are actually atheist. And also I will be agreeing with a few philosophers and taking on that side of why God does exist. But remember everyone in this world are entitled to there own opinion and the reason I say that is because I do not want to offend anybody who believes in something different from everyone else. The first well-known philosopher that I want to talk about is the famous Thomas Aquanis. Thomas will forever be remembered as the guy who supposedly proved the existence of God by arguing that the Universe had to have been created by something, since everything in existence has a beginning and an end. This is now referred to as the â€Å"First Cause† argument, and all philosophers after Thomas have wrestled with proving or disproving the theory. Thomas founded everything he postulated firmly in Christianity, and for this reason, he is not universally popular, today. Even Christians consider that, since he derived all his ethical teachings from the Bible, Thomas is not independently authoritative of any of thoseShow MoreRelatedDo You Believe? God? Essay2362 Words   |  10 PagesDo You Believe in God? Do you believe in a higher power that cannot be touched or seen? Some people believe that there is a higher power known as â€Å"God† and others do not believe that someone can exist that cannot be seen or touched. God is known to be â€Å"Infinitely good† according to philosopher Saint Thomas Aquinas, but other philosophers such as Fredrik Bendz’ do not believe that a God can exist because it simply is not logical. Everyone has their own reasons to why or why not God exists, but inRead MoreDo You Believe in God and Why?824 Words   |  4 PagesDo you believe in God and why? With over 20 major religions in today’s world, God is the most recognized superior power. We are told to believe that this God is a supernatural being: one of a group of supernatural male beings in some religions, each of which is worshiped as the personification or controller of some aspect of the universe. God is the English name given to a singular being in theistic and deistic religions who is either the sole deity in monotheism, or a single deity in polytheismRead MoreDifference Between Faith And Knowledge1561 Words   |  7 Pageskey questions like what is the relationship between faith and knowledge? Is faith in god justified? Why? How? In matters of faith and relationship with God, is the question of the existence of God even relevant? Why or Why not? I am going to answers these key questions in the upcoming paragraphs. I will briefly explain the argument of Pascal’s wager and the reasoning behind it. Is there a God? Should I believe in God? People think about this question everyday. Pascal is famous, among other things forRead MoreThe Argument For The Existence Of God1674 Words   |  7 PagesI do not find the three arguments I analyzed satisfactory for the existence of God. The existence of God simply cannot be proven. Regardless of how strong a person’s faith is, or how many miracles they claim to have witnessed, God can only ever be a possibility. First, I will discuss why Pascal’s wager is not a satisfying argument for the existence of God. I will then examine C.D. Broad’s â€Å"Argument for the Existence of God†, and why it is also not a satisfying argument for the existence of God.Read MoreEvaluation Argument616 Words   |  3 Pagesis the day you were born and the day you find out why you were born. There are all kinds of theories of how life is supposed to be. People believe all sorts of things of how life will be like. I feel like everyone in the world was put on this plant for a reason. We may not always know why we were put here but I think that is the goal in life to figure out why and be the best person you can be and to fulfill that goal. I think that the substance of like to believe and have faith in God. There is aRead MoreThe Lord Has Helped Me1415 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"As he explained to me that he didn’t yet believe in Christ and asked me questions about my faith, I prayed s ilently that the Holy Spirit would speck through me and open his eyes.† (Deadliest Monster pg. 61) The Lord has helped me in many situations in specking of my faith to others or telling others about the amazing gospel that Jesus died on the cross for our sins! Going to a park and giving random people the gospel isn’t easy but what is encouraging is when after asking a homeless guy if weRead MoreJudaism, Christianity, And Islam875 Words   |  4 Pagesare no different. They are all Monotheistic meaning they believe in one sole higher power or God. Though they share this common idea and many other similarity, they have many distinct features of their own that make them different as a whole. Many past religions have believed in the idea of multiple gods, Polytheism. Judaism, Christianity and Islam believe in one Supreme creator, Monotheism. They believe in the faith of God meaning that God is the supreme creator of the universe and everything inRead MoreBelief in a Higher Power and Greek Philosophers1371 Words   |  6 Pagessuch things as a higher power. In my eyes I do believe in such a thing, I believe that Socrates does as well. When reading Euthyphro there are many components to why Socrates believes in the gods. When reading the Apology there are many reasons to why Socrates believes in the gods as well. Finally when reading Crito there are also numerous reasons to why Socrates believes in the gods also. There are many reasons to prove that Socrates does believe in the gods. The discussion in the piece Euthyphro isRead MoreSimilarities Between Christianity And Christianity1486 Words   |  6 Pagesfact that Jesus is the Messiah and is God in the flesh. He is the Son of God. â€Å"I and the Father are one† (John 10:30, NIV). Also, Christianity is unique for their belief in heaven and hell, the belief in the Holy Trinity, we can have a personal relationship with God, God is a forgiving God and salvation is through Jesus Christ only. One of the supreme aspect that separates Christianity from the rest of the world religions is the fact that Christians believe Jesus is the Messiah. Several other religionsRead MorePascal s Wager And The Existence Of God1649 Words   |  7 Pagesempirical evidence of a God, wagering for the existence of God will maximize our happiness. Through his wager, one can use simple reasoning to understand that believing in a God which you cannot see may still be the most logical option to live your life. Pascal states that because there is no evidence that a God exists, nor is there any evidence that no God exists, it is entirely possible that a God exists. Wagering for the existence of an almighty God will either bring you eternal life and happiness

The Differences Between Armenians And Turks - 851 Words

To put the names â€Å"Armenia† and â€Å"Turkey† together evokes a wave of grief and anger. Over the years, a very few have challenged the two and strived to bridge the gap between Armenians and Turks. Dink â€Å"crossed that bridge to become a symbol of the struggle for human and minority rights, and of the struggle for democracy and European integration† (Cheterian, 16). Hrant Dink was one of whom who challenged the perceptions of the relationship between Armenians and Turks, starting with his discovery of the newspaper Agos, founded in 1996. The newspaper, which was written and published in both Armenian and Turkish, confronted topics about the complexities that existed between both countries over the years and advocated human rights and democratization. Hrant Dink came from a city known as Malatya, a region located in Turkey. During his childhood, he endured great hardship and poverty as he grew up in orphanages in Istanbul. Growing up, he had dual identitie s as a proud Armenian and a citizen of the Turkish Republic and used this to his advantage by expressing his empathy for the psychological state of both Turks and Armenians, both of which have their own troubles. While the Armenians suffer from loss and trauma, Turks in turn, suffer from paranoia. According to Dink, Armenians would gain justice through affording democratic rights to Kurds and women as well as a more general context of the democratization of Turkey. In addition, Dink believed that Armenia’s greatest asset afterShow MoreRelatedThe Rise of Discrimination Essay1143 Words   |  5 Pagesdiscriminated against, and so do the victims of the Armenian genocide. The Armenian genocide brought pain and suffering to a group of people for the same reason it did to Elie Wiesel and the Jews; Discrimination. The Armenians are a group of people that originated from tribes in the Armenian highlands around 10,00 B.C (1). In the 4th century they developed into a separate culture related to their religion which was christianity (1). Later on he Armenian civilization was controlled by the Ottoman EmpireRead MoreThe Evil of Armenian Genocide Essay836 Words   |  4 Pagesthe horrific Genocide of the Armenians took place. Turkey has shown a classic example of the evil that can result by human beings. Millions of Armenians were slaughtered and murdered in front of their family members. The destruction that constantly plays out throughout the world is cuased by human beings. Hsun Tzu would have also agreed that the young Turks were in face by nature extremely evil. April 24th is the day of grief for many Armenians. Almost every Armenian reminisces on their loved onesRead MoreThree Examples of Genocide Essay772 Words   |  4 Pages The differences between the lives of the Catholics and Protestants were clear and the foundation for their troubles had been laid (Meyer 78). Another case of genocide occurred when the Armenians were eradicated by the Turks from the Ottoman Empire (Armenian Genocide). During 1915 and 1916, one and a half million Armenians were killed. The Armenian Genocide was masterminded by the Central Committee of the Young Turk Party (Armenian Genocide). The extermination of the Armenians occurredRead MoreThe Hungarian Culture And The Armenian Culture1398 Words   |  6 Pagesis defined in many different ways for many different people. There are several languages, customs, education, beliefs, and so much more. The Armenian culture has many aspects. Some aspects that contribute to the Armenian culture is the history, religion, literature, war, agriculture, foods, lifestyle, and contributions. A brief Introduction to the Armenian culture goes back to historic times. The historic name of Armenia was â€Å"Hayk† then later called â€Å"Hayastan†. The name came from the states thatRead More The Horror of Genocide Essay997 Words   |  4 Pagesleaders can act so cruelly and kill thousands of innocent people just because of their ethnicity, race or religion. The political leaders who committed genocide do not seem very smart to me because strong and powerful countries do not differentiate between colour and religion. Equality is the most important aspect leading to a united, strong country despite the different races or religions in that country. Instead of killing, chasing and dividing up their countries, these leaders should have createdRead MoreThe Genocide Of The Ottoman Empire Essay1493 Words   |  6 Pages The term â€Å"genocide† refers to the systematic killing of a group of people because of factors that may include race or religion. The Ottoman Empire is to blame for the Armenia Genocide which took place between 1915 and 1923 and resulted in the deaths of over 1.5 million. Years after, under Adolf Hitler, Germany was to blame for the Holocaust which resulted in the death of over 6 million Jews. Despite both genocides taking place in different countries and during different time periods, both genocidesRead MoreEssay about Armenian Genocide2049 Words   |  9 Pageselse feel extremely unsafe and uncomfortable. But imagine being unaware of the underlying plan to â€Å"cleanse† your ethnic group. The Armenian people faced this situation during the time of WWI. Life between the Turks (Armenia’s rival) and the Armenians was very complex. Not all Armenians hated the Turks, and not all Turks hated the Armenians. Consequently, the Armenian people were not aware of any forms of annihilation that were being plotted at the time. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;WhatRead MoreThe Armenian Genocide Essay2458 Words   |  10 PagesThe Armenian genocide has several main causes: European meddling in Ottoman internal affairs, nationalism, economic jealousy, and Armenian involvement in the Russian war effort. Though, a lot of the causes are interrelated. For example, nationalism and European meddling go hand in hand. What exactly was the Armenian genocide? Well, the Armenian genocide was a state orchestrated machine of mass-murder and rape of the Armenian people, and several other ethnic groups, of the Ottoman Empire 1915-1923Read MoreThe Armenian and Cambodian Genocides707 Words   |  3 PagesModern genocide was the Armenian Genocide, but what was the Armenian genocide? It was horrific acts committed against the Armenian people of the Ottoman Empire. The Armenian genocide was planned and administrated against the Armenian population of the Ottoman Empire by the Turkish government. The Armenians were deported, starved, a bducted, tortured and more. This devastating time lasted from 1915 through 1918. An estimated guess of around one and a half million Armenians were killed during this timeRead MoreMy Great Grandmother s Diary2378 Words   |  10 PagesToday I found my great grandmother’s diary in the attic while I was rummaging through old boxes. I learned that my great grandmother, Mari Hovhanness, was an Armenian living in the Ottoman Empire during the time of the Armenian Genocide of 1915. Born in 1888, Mari lived through the first bloody massacres in 1894 and again experienced the brutal attacks during the deportations in 1915-1917. She was married to the love of her life, Tavit Hovhaness, and had two children. Dying in November of 1915, the

Animal Experiments Or Torture - 924 Words

Experiments or Torture? Imagine being trapped in a cage for a lifetime. Picture being tortured through â€Å"experiments.† This is the life many animals in biomedical research are forced to live . Nowadays, most of the animal experiments are conducted on mice, rats, fish, and other animals that are excluded from the Animal Welfare Act of 1966. Animal experiments cause psychological and physical harm to the animals with a complete lack of respect for their quality of life which is why they must be banned. The effect that biomedical research experiments have on these animals is detrimental. According to the Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine, PCRM researchers found in a 2011 study that â€Å"previously-traumatized chimpanzees exhibited signs of mood and anxiety disorders similar to PTSD and depression in humans† (Animals Psychological and Social Lives 2/3 ). These illnesses completely destroy these animals mental state, which hinders their ability to socialize. These chimpanzees can no longer socialize properly due to the effects of animal testing. Furthermore, the International Association Against Painful Experiments on Animals stated that psychologists have concluded that deliberately induced stress can arise â€Å"from social isolation, either by solitary confinement or by separation of infant animals from their mother† (Psychological Behaviour Animal Experiments And Research Testing 2/4 ). These animals are starting to stress out at very young age. This earlyShow MoreRelatedEssay on Animals Rights Should Be The Golden Rules850 Words   |  4 PagesSlaughter. Torture. Neglected. Starvation. Everyday innocent animals have to face these consequences because of us. Animals can show more love and affection to us than we humans can. Animals are not only subjects to animal testing, fur farming, breeding, factory farming, dog fighting, but also many other purposes. Animal cruelty perfectly epitomizes the fact that animals can show more compassion, respect to others. A dog, otherwise known as a â€Å"man’s best friend† always has this thing called a collarRead MoreAnimal Testing Is Morally Wrong?878 Words   |  4 Pages a lot of different types of animals suffer through painful and unnecessary tests. An animal being used for scientific experiments is wrong because it is inhumane, expensive, and unpredictable. Animals in laboratories live lives of loss, pain, loneliness, and torture. Various studies have shown that animal experimentation often does not even help humans. Some even lead to harmful human reactions to the drugs being tested on animals. Yet we continue to use animal testing while other courses ofRead MoreAnimal Testing: A True Ethical Dilemma Essay1622 Words   |  7 Pagesis the life of a laboratory animal. Animal testing is the use of animals for scientific research purposes and experiments. It can be used for the findings of cures and medicines to testing new drugs, to understanding the behavioral psychology of the animals themselves. â€Å"Around fifty to one hundred million vertebrate animals, ranging from fish to primates, are used in experiments each year† (Lloyd). There are many different terms used to describe the research on animals but two main ideas. In vivoRead MoreAnimal Experimentation Is Unnecessary and Cruel Essay946 Words   |  4 PagesEvery year, millions of animals suffer through painful and unnecessary tests. Animals i n laboratories all over the world live lives of deprivation, pain, isolation, and torture. Even though vast studies show that animal experimentation often lacks validity, leading to harmful human reactions, we still continue to use this method of experimentation, while many other less-expensive and more beneficial alternatives exist. Going beyond the issue of animal experimentation being morally wrong, this formRead MoreDo Animals Have Rights?900 Words   |  4 PagesDo Animals Have Rights? Animals have rights, or at least they should. Animals are not for us to eat, experiments on, wear or abuse in any which way. It is cruel to treat animals like they are not living souls. Animals are not tools that we can use however we want. They too have hearts and brains like us humans. Therefore, animals have all the rights to live their own lives without suffering and free from exploitation (Why). Animal testing is performed for the making of human products. Even afterRead More Horrors of Animal Research, Testing, and Experimentation Essay1648 Words   |  7 PagesThe Horrors of Animal Testing    The torture and murder of millions of animals annually has been occurring for centuries now. Every year we ignore it, and every year the numbers grow. The act of vivisection or the practice of experimenting on animals began because of religious prohibitions against dissection of human corpses. After religious leaders lifted these prohibitions, it was too late. Vivisection had become a major part of medical and educational research. As well as major part of productRead MoreShould Animals Be Torture And Abused?1178 Words   |  5 PagesWhy should animals have to be torture and abused? Is it because they are not human? Is it because they are not capable of stopping us? Animal use for drug experimentation has sparked controversy around the world. So why are animals for harmful testing? Each year millions of animals such as mice, rats, rabbits, and primates suffer through excruciating amounts of physical and mental torture. In recent years, the use of these animals has been has been strictly criticized by numerous animal rights groupsRead MoreAnimal Testing Should Not Be Banned891 Words   |  4 PagesHumans are Animals Every year millions of animals are burned, tortured and crippled in research that does not even result in safer products for humans. In fact, more than 90% of experimental drugs that are shown to be safe and effective in animals do not work for humans and are considered unsafe. Animal testing is barbaric; the small benefit that may be gained through testing in no way rights the torture these animals are put through. Not only is the testing harmful to the animals, it is extremelyRead MoreAnimal Experimentation Essay1044 Words   |  5 PagesAnimals suffer just as people do. In 2009 animal experimentation was the cause of over 1.13 million animals, excluding small rodents, suffering in U.S. Laboratories (U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service). Animal experimentation is unethical, unnecessary and expensive; alternative methods of testing should be utilized. It is unethical to use the cruel methods of animal experimentation for our own benefit alone. The animals used in research range from birdsRead MoreAnimal Testing Should Be Banned880 Words   |  4 Pagesdepending on animals testing. Therefore, if people talk about laboratories, they should remember animal experiments. Those animals have the right to live, according to people who dislike the idea of doing testing on animals; the other opinion, supports the idea of animal testing as the important part of the source of what has reached medicine of the results and solutions for diseases prevalent in every time and place. Each year huge numbers of animals are sacrificed for the science all these animals, whether

Finance Assignment

Questions: Calculate the Net Present Value and Internal Rate of Return relative to the purchase of a new widget making machine. Machinecost $3,400,000 Useful life: 7 years For tax purposes a 30 per cent reducing balance depreciation would be used. Maintenance cost per annum: $75,000. Maintenance technician salary per annum: $125,000 Operators salary: $90,000, plus 35 per cent on-costs. Restructuring cost (First year only): $180,000. Employee training costs are projected as follows: First Yearà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹$35,000 Second Yearà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹$25,000 Third Yearà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹$10,000 Increase in working capital required: $60,000. Salvage value: $75,000. Manufacturing cost savings per annum: $1,200,000. Sale of now obsolete equipment over the next two years. Answers: Calculation for Depreciation Present Value Depreciation Amount Value After Depreciation $ 3,400,000.00 $ 1,020,000.00 $ 2,380,000.00 $ 2,380,000.00 $ 714,000.00 $ 1,666,000.00 $ 1,666,000.00 $ 499,800.00 $ 1,166,200.00 $ 1,166,200.00 $ 349,860.00 $ 816,340.00 $ 816,340.00 $ 244,902.00 $ 571,438.00 $ 571,438.00 $ 171,431.40 $ 400,006.60 $ 400,006.60 $ 120,001.98 $ 280,004.62 For the Cash Flow Series NPV= $-1,661,329.48 IRR = 0% Cash Flow Stream Detail Period Cash Flow Present Value 0 -3,400,000.00 -3,400,000.00 1 -416,500.00 -378,636.36 2 139,500.00 115,289.26 3 368,700.00 277,009.77 4 528,640.00 361,068.23 5 633,598.00 393,414.51 6 707,069.00 399,122.02 7 1,113,503.00 571,403.10 NPV -1,661,329.48 IRR 0%

History Of Egypt Essays - Ancient Near East, Civilizations

History Of Egypt The Egyptians had never willingly submitted to the rule of their Semitic shepherd kings and around 1600 A.D. a long patriotic movement got rid of these foreigners. Followed by a new phase or revival for Egypt, a period known to Egyptologists as the New Empire. Egypt, which had not been closely combined before the Hyksos invasion, was now a united country; and the phase of subjugation and insurrection left her full of military spirit. The Pharaohs became aggressive conquerors. They had now acquired the warhorse and the war chariot, which the Hyksos had brought to them. Under Thothmes III and Amenophis III Egypt had extended her rule into Asia as far as the Euphrates. We are entering now upon a thousand years of warfare between the once quite separated civilizations of Mesopotamia and the Nile. At first Egypt was ascendant. The great dynasties, the Seventeenth Dynasty, which included Thothmes III and Amenophis III and IV and a great queen Hatasu, and the Nineteenth, when Rameses II, supposed by some to have been the Pharaoh of Moses, reigned for sixty-seven years, raised Egypt to high levels of prosperity. In between there were phases of depression for Egypt, conquest by the Syrians and later conquest by the Ethiopians from the South. In Mesopotamia Babylon ruled, then the Hittites and the Syrians of Damascus rose to a transitory predominance; at one time the Syrians conquered Egypt; the fortunes of the Assyrians of Nineveh ebbed and flowed; sometimes the city was a conquered city; sometimes the Assyrians ruled in Babylon and assailed Egypt. Our space is too limited here to tell of the comings and goings of the armies of the Egyptians and of the v arious Semitic powers of Asia Minor, Syria and Mesopotamia. They were armies now provided with vast droves of war chariots, for the horse?still used only for war and glory?had spread by this time into the old civilizations from Central Asia. Great conquerors appear in the dim light of that distant time and pass, Tushratta, King of Mitanni, who captured Nineveh, Tiglath Pileser I of Assyria who conquered Babylon. At last the Assyrians became the greatest military power of the time. Tiglath Pileser III conquered Babylon in 745 B.C. and founded what historians call the New Assyrian Empire. Iron had also come now into civilization out of the north; the Hittites, the precursors of the Armenians, had it first and communicated its use to the Assyrians, and an Assyrian usurper, Sargon II, armed his troops with it. Assyria became the first power to expound the doctrine of blood and iron. Sargon's son Sennacherib led an army to the borders of Egypt, and was defeated not by military strength but by the plague. Sennacherib's grandson Assurbanipal (who is also known in history by his Greek name of Sardanapalus) did actually conquer Egypt in 670 B.C. But Egypt was already a conquered country then under an Ethiopian dynasty. Sardanapal us simply replaced one conqueror by another. If one had a series of political maps of this long period of history, this interval of ten centuries, we should have Egypt expanding and contracting like an am?ba under a microscope, and we should see these various Semitic states of the Babylonians, the Assyrians, the Hittites and the Syrians coming and going, eating each other up and disgorging each other again. To the west of Asia Minor there would be little Egan states like Lydia, whose capital was Sardis, and Caria. But after about 1200 B.C. and perhaps earlier, a new set of names would come into the map of the ancient world from the northeast and from the northwest. These would be the names of certain barbaric tribes, armed with iron weapons and using horse chariots, which were becoming a great affliction to the Egan and Semitic civilizations on the northern borders. They all spoke variants of what once must have been the same language, Aryan. Round the northeast of the Black and Caspian Seas were coming the Medes and Persians. Confused with these in the records of the time were Scythians and Samatians. From northeast or northwest came the Armenians, from the northwest of the sea-barrier through the Balkan peninsula came Cimmerians, Phrygians

The Rainbow Essays

The Rainbow Essays The Rainbow Essay The Rainbow Essay it is emphasised that the women looked outwards, removing themselves figuratively from the blind intercourse of farm-life, to the spoken world beyond. (42). With this description, Lawrence suggests that the women were discontent with assuming a position of participation amongst the blind intercourse of unconscious activities that were assumed of them, and that the men were content with practicing. It was enough for the men, that the earth heaved and opened its furrow to them (42) The men are described as their senses being full fed and being unable to turn around (43), in contrast to the women, who had in a sense, opened themselves to the world and what she had to offer, by no longer being passive Brangwen female participants of farm-life, by being aware of the lips and the mind of the world speaking and giving utterance, they heard the sound in the distance, and they strained to listen. (42). The Brangwen women at moments, seem to inhabit different houses and/or worlds from the men, Her house faced out from the farm-buildings and fields, looked out to the road and the village with church and Hall and the world beyond. (43), whereas the Brangwen men are described in a fashion portraying their satisfaction with farm life and activities, it was enough that they helped the cow in labour, or ferreted the rats from under the barn, or broke the back of the rabbit . While it seems a strange metaphor, it is the woman who looks out to the active scope of men, and who is concerned with government, education and progress in a magic land to her, where secrets were made known and desires fulfilled. (43). The Brangwen women are depicted as looking at the children of the upper classes and wondering why their children are disadvantaged. Lawrence portrays the women as deciding that the difference is not money, nor even class. It was education and experience, she decided. (44). Thus, education becomes not a means of social progress for working class children, but rather a thing of inherent value, a higher form of being, which is why the Brangwen women want it for their own children. The Brangwen women are portrayed according to their developing being, she craved to know. She craved to achieve this higher being, if not in herself, then in her children(44) and aspirations of striving beyond herself, towards the further life of the finer woman, towards the extended being she revealed, as a traveller in his self-contained manner reveals far-off countries present in himself. (45). The Brangwen woman contemplating her childs potential advance, deciding that it is a question of knowledge, as well as the allusion used by her, of the vicars power over Tom Brangwen on a desert island, his soul was master of the other mans (44), shares a common trait, in terms of relating these metaphorical descriptions to the essence of what Lawrence wished to achieve: the stages of the advance of consciousness in terms of knowledge, suggesting that this stage is both important and temporary; the creative and evolving being unable to be contented with contemplation of what is known, but rather has to discover what is new also. 18). Thus, ironically, it is the women in The Rainbow who, whilst her husband looked out to the back at sky and harvest and beast and land, she strained her eyes to see what man had done in fighting outwards to knowledge her deepest desire hung on the battle that she heard far off, being waged on the edge of the unknown. She also wanted to know, and to be of the fighting host. (43), provides for the reader the departure point of Lawrences masterfully depicted journey into discovering a history of the relation between man and what lies beyond him, and the history of the struggle of men to become conscious and to become themselves.

Teaching Grammar Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Teaching Grammar - Term Paper Example Education is a process of learning and acquiring skills and knowledge and it involves training that allows the learner to improve objectively. Textbooks, videos, modules and e-learning are just some of the ways how education is delivered (Dimarco 18). In the modern times, the said definition of education greatly applies as people prepare themselves for the corporate world after graduation, and organizations function through the application of knowledge and skills of the members and staffs. The education may not be limited only to formal education where classroom instruction is the prevalent method where skills and knowledge are passed on to the learners. Alternative education existed already before the onset of formal education but recently more educators are advocating alternative education since many people still cannot afford the formal education. They also focus on lifelong education and adult learning (Antikainen 11). In short, learning and education are intertwined in the pursu it of improvement of people. In teaching people about language, grammar is one of the main parts as rules must be present in constructing the words and sentences corresponding to certain sounds. Grammar revolves around a set of rules such as being taught widely, it is fixed and difficult. The grammar set and rules are just part of a narrow perspective of what grammar is (DeCapua 1). Grammar can also be defined as the systematic description of the skill level of a speaker as measured by the linguist (Fromkin, Rodman, and Hyams 13). In teaching grammar, many approaches can be used like IC analysis, TG grammar, case grammar, communicative grammar, and pedagogical grammar (EDL201). IC Analysis or Immediate Constituent Analysis is used to separate and dissect the words that make up a sentence with layered constructions (EDL201 207). On the other hand, transformational grammar describes the grammatical structure of the sentences using a set of rules that matches the knowledge of native En glish speakers (EDL201 243). Case grammar differs from IC analysis and TG grammar because case grammar includes semantics between verb and noun together with grammatical structure (EDL201 272). The fourth approach in teaching grammar is communicative grammar which is one of the newest methods. Competence in grammar is not the only consideration in linguistics since structure, function and form must also be taught in real life situations (EDL201 297). The last approach is pedagogical grammar which prioritizes the effectiveness of teaching methods to the students. It makes use of different approaches to boost the grammar learning efficiency via consciousness-raising approach and word approach (EDL201 323). The following approaches will be applied in various situations in the succeeding paragraphs. Various situations are provided to explore the importance of the methods described in the preceding paragraph. Each method is designed for particular scenario or needs of the learners, so so me methods may become more effective than other approaches in a particular situation. Five situations will be used: first, Filipino caregivers employed in Japan, Korea, China who have to teach their young wards how to speak, write and read English as part of the wards’ day- to- day school work; second, 15 to 17 year old Filipino high school students who have been hired as tourist guides for international tourists whose common language is English; third, Filipino adult migrant workers who are

Ethos, Logos, Pathos, and Rhetorical Analysis Assignment

Ethos, Logos, Pathos, and Rhetorical Analysis - Assignment Example Notably, Bono demonstrates a good judgment about rock stars mounting the pulpit and preaching at presidents, which depicts his credibility. Moreover, Bono manifests his integrity by asserting that justice is a higher standard and that Africa’s position challenges America’s justice and equality (â€Å"American Rhetoric† 1). Bono uses deductive reasoning by encouraging the audience to do what God is doing because it is already blessed (â€Å"American Rhetoric† 1). Moreover, he uses statistics and past facts to present his ideas where he draws our attention to the Tsunami effect in South East Asia where 150, 000 people died. Additionally, he uses examples by stating that the American President and the Congress provided life-saving anti-retroviral drugs to 700,000 people and provided eight million bed nets to protect children from malaria (â€Å"American Rhetoric† 1). He also uses comparisons to justify his argument where he compared the 150, 000 deaths from Tsunami with the 150, 000 deaths that happen in Africa every month (â€Å"American Rhetoric† 1). He uses deductive reasoning to assert that America has the capacity to avert the crisis in Africa. Indeed, Bono shows the American possibility by asserting that America only gives less than one percent to charity and they only need to give two percent for them to transform the world and change American’s perception. Bono uses a lot of repetition where he consequently repeats the phrase â€Å"One percent† to refer to the schooling girls in Africa, AIDS patients who get medicine in Africa, and African entrepreneurs who can start a small family business (â€Å"American Rhetoric† 1). Moreover, he uses very emotional words to question America’s commitment towards charity where he asserts, â€Å"six and a half thousand Africans are still dying every day of preventable, treatable disease, for lack of drugs we can buy at any drug store†.

Impact Of Government Policies On Women Empowerment Sociology Essay

Impact Of Government Policies On Women Empowerment Sociology Essay This paper presents the impact of government policies on women empowerment. This paper firstly defines women empowerment and then list out the government policies on women empowerment in the various Five year plans. Then on the basis of the data collected, I compared the degree of empowerment in the rural and urban women. The degree of empowerment was measured on four indices which were:- womens mobility and social interaction; womens labour patterns; womens access to and control over resources; and womens control over decision-making. Introduction The past three decades have witnessed a steadily increasing awareness of the need to empower women through measures to increase social, economic and political equity, and broader access to fundamental human rights, improvements in nutrition, basic health and education. The principle of gender equality is enshrined in the Indian Constitution in its Preamble, Fundamental Rights, Fundamental Duties and Directive Principles. The Constitution not only grants equality to women, but also empowers the State to adopt measures of positive discrimination in favor of women. Defining Womens Empowerment Empowerment is a continuous process for realizing the ideals of equality, human liberation and freedom for all. Womens Empowerment, thus, implies equality of opportunity and equity between the genders, ethnic groups, social classes and age groups, strengthening of life chances, collective participation in different spheres of lifecultural, social, political, economic, development process, decision making etc. Naila Kabeer defines womens empowerment as the process by which those who have been denied the ability to make strategic life choices acquire such ability. This ability to exercise choices incorporates three inter-related dimensions: resources which include access to and future claims to both material and social resources; agency which includes the process of decision-making, negotiation, deception and manipulation; and achievements that are the well-being outcomes. Smt Renuka Chowdhury(Minister of State for Women and Child Development ) says that, Empowerment to me means self esteem self reliance self confidence. Sometimes one thinks if this was there, if that was there, this could have been done. But you dont need any of that if a woman is aware of her rights, of herself, if her self esteem is high, then she is empowered Governments Policies on womens empowerment The need for Womens empowerment was felt in India long back. Mahatma Gandhi had announced at the Second Round Table Conference(1932) that his aim was to establish a political society in India in which there would be no distinction between people of high and low classes and in which women would enjoy the same rights as men and the teeming millions of India would be ensured dignity and justice- social, economic and political. The countrys concern in safeguarding the rights and privileges of women found its best expression in the Constitution of India, covering fundamental rights and the directive principles of state policy. Articles 14, 15, 15(3), 16, 39, 42, 51 (A) (e) contain various types of provisions for equal rights and opportunities for women and eliminate discrimination against women in different spheres of   life. From the Fifth Five Year Plan (1974-78) onwards there has been a marked shift in the approach to womens issues from welfare to development. In recent years, the empowerment of women has been recognized as the central issue in determining the status of women. The Eighth Plan (1992-97), with human development as its major focus, renewed the emphasis on development of women. It sought to ensure that benefits of development from different sectors do not by-pass women. It aimed at implementing special programmes to complement the general development programmes and ensure the flow of benefits to women from other development sectors to enable women to function as equal partners and participants in the development process. The Ninth Plan (1997-2002) made two significant changes in the conceptual strategy of planning for women. First, Empowerment of Women became one of nine primary objectives of the Ninth Plan. Second, the Plan attempted convergence of existing services available in both women-specific and women-related sectors. The Tenth plan continued with the major strategies of Empowering Women as agent of social change and development. It adopted a sector specific 3-fold strategy for empowering women viz. Social empowerment, Economic empowerment and Gender justice. Inclusive and integrated economic, social and political empowerment with gender justice is how the Eleventh Plan envisions empowerment of women. New laws such as the Employment Equity Act, the Labour Relations Act and the policy of affirmative action, mean that employers (in the public and private sector) must introduce programmes, which ensure the representation of women in all professions and job grades, at equal pay and guarantees maternity rights. Government is also working to ensure that gender issues are mainstreamed in all its programmes and structures, and has created a gender machinery to monitor and advise government. This consists of the Offices on the Status of Women in the Presidency, Premiers and Mayoral offices, the Commission for Gender Equality, gender desks in departments and gender committees in Parliament and Legislatures. Measuring the Impact of Government Policies on Womens Empowerment Given the complexity of defining womens empowerment, I identified the following four indices that could lead to womens empowerment Womens mobility and social interaction; Womens labour patterns; Womens access to and control over resources; and Womens control over decision-making. Thereafter, I conducted a survey among the Rural and Urban houses of Allahabad and Varanasi to find out the impact of government policies on womens empowerment. Results and Findings I compared the data of the two areas and the results are as follows-: Womens mobility and interaction. The survey found that urban women are more mobile and begun to have new interactions with a range of officials. In all, the survey found that: 50% of urban women surveyed had visited new places and traveled longer distances; In comparison to this only 5% of rural women surveyed had visited new places and traveled longer distances. 94% of urban women surveyed had experienced new interactions with staff of institutions such as banks, district and block development organizations and NGOs . In comparison to this only 2% of rural women surveyed had experienced new interactions with staff of institutions such as banks, district and block development organizations and NGOs. Womens labour patterns. The survey finds major difference in gender division of labour. 71% of the urban houses surveyed men helped the women and only in 3% of the rural houses surveyed men helped the women. The extent to which men helped was related to The health of the woman (men helped more if women were sick) The type of household (men helped more in a nuclear household) The gender and age of the children (men helped less if girl children were present to help). There was a comparatively greater difference reported in non-domestic productive tasks. 40% of urban women who had taken bank loans reported a marked change in gender roles, and only 6% of rural women reported a small change. However, the income-generating activities of the majority of women (both Urban and Rural) in male-headed households (for which loans had been taken) continued to be managed by men (presumably, the womens husbands). Therefore, the changes in womens labour patterns were mixed, and not as positive as along other dimensions. There was little indication that womens control over their labour had undergone a marked change, and the survey noted that many women(both Urban and Rural) may simply have gone from undertaking paid work outside the home to becoming unpaid family labourers (in male-managed enterprises). Womens access to and control over resources. The survey also looked into womens access to non-loan-related resources and benefits, and particularly to common resources. In all the survey found that 70% of urban women had accessed to non-loan-related resources and benefits. Only 10% of rural women had accessed to non-loan-related resources and benefits. It seems that a number of the women undertook activities that would give their communities better infrastructure or services, for instance in water supply, child-care facilities, health care services and improved roads. In this sense, they played a key role in promoting changes in collective access to resources. Womens control in intra-household decision-making. The survey found that 83% of urban women play a significant role in intra-household decision making. Whereas only 5% of rural women play a significant role in intra-household decision making. There seemed to be a slight improvement in womens involvement in household decision-making in male-headed households, on such issues as credit, the disposal of household assets, childrens education, and family health care. However, the traditional gender-based divisions persist in intra-household decision-making. Women basically decide on food preparation, and men make the financial decisions. CONCLUSION It was found that the government policies on women empowerment are far more affective in urban areas than in rural areas. This is the reason why urban women are more empowered than the rural women .However, the empowerment of Rural Women is crucial for the development of the Rural Bharat. The remedy for empowerment lies in a strong will power and a gender just reform in the whole system covering the major interrelated issues of Economic welfare, Social justice and Education. It requires every segment of society, women as well as men; government, laws, judiciary, political parties and media.

Importance of Social Class in Charles Dickenss Great Expectations :: Free Great Expectations Essays

Importance of Social Class in Charles Dickens's Great Expectations       Social class played a major role in the society depicted in Charles Dickens's Great Expectations. Social class determined the manner in which a person was treated and their access to education. Yet, social class did not define the character of the individual.    Many characters were treated differently because of their social class in Great Expectations. Seeing the contrast between how the poor and the rich were treated will give a clearer understanding of how much social class mattered. In chapter 27 when Joe comes to see Pip, he treats Joe in a different manner than before because Joe was now in a lower social class. His feelings about Joe's arrival were "Not with pleasure... I had the sharpest sensitiveness as to his being seen by Drummle." (p. 203). He was afraid that Drummle will look down on him because of Joe's lower class. Not only does Pip treat Joe differently, Joe also treats Pip differently because of their difference in social class. He begins to call Pip "sir" which bothered him because "sir" was the title given to people of higher class. Pip felt that they were still good friends and that they should treat each other as equals. Joe soon leaves and explains his early parting, "Pip, dear old chap, life is made of eve r so many partings welded together, as I may say, and one man's a blacksmith, and one's a whitesmith, and one's a goldsmith, and one's a coppersmith. Diwisions among such must come...." (p. 209). He creates this metaphor than he is a common blacksmith and Pip is a goldsmith. This difference in social class had brought upon their separation. Other characters that were also judged by their social class were Magwitch and Compeyson. They were both on trial for the same crime but Compeyson got off easier than Magwitch because of his higher social class. Magwitch describes Compeyson's defense speech, ."..here you has afore you, side by side, two persons as your eyes can separate wide; one, the younger, well brought up... one; the elder, ill brought up... which is the worst one?" (p. 325). The decision of the trial was solely based upon social class appearance.

Pride and prejudice compare and contrast novel and film 2005 Essay

Jane Austen penned masterfully the novel Pride and Prejudice. For many countries for many years and with or without the movie adaptation, this novel has achieved superstar status, considered by many as one of the best work of fiction that they had and one of the most read. Proof of the very good story line behind the novel is the fact that movie and television production outfits does not seem to tire in making movie adaptation of the novel year after year. Because of this, it has become important to criticize the resulting characteristics that will surface once comparison between the movie, particularly the 2005 version, and the novel is made. This paper will discuss several significant characteristics noticeable in the comparison of the 1813 Jane Austen novel with the 2005 film adaption of Pride and Prejudice, and these are (1) inconsistencies with the characters, (2) compressed scenes, (3) changes in the scene and (4) the introduction of new scenes. Inconsistencies with the Characters One of the noticeable characteristics that the 2005 film version of the novel has in comparison with the original novel story is the changes that happen to the characters and the personalities of these characters. Some differences are minimal, like the changes in the physical attributes of the characters. A very good example of this is the case of the character of Mr. Collins. Mr. Collins, it seems, was described in the original novel as a person with who is tall. However, in the movie, this characteristic is not noticeable in the portrayal of Mr. Collins, as the Mr. Collins in the 2005 Pride and Prejudice movie cannot be characterized as tall since he seem to have the height common with the other male characters in the movie. There were also some noticeable differences in the way the character Elizabeth was portrayed in the movie compared to the way Elizabeth was constructed by Austen throughout the novel. In watching the movie, the audience may have the impression that Elizabeth has a very negative temperament, that she is highly strung or even boorish. But in the book, Elizabeth has the personality that qualifies her as someone who is more on the positive temperament, sprightly and even playful. Proof of this is unexpected, unrealistic and somewhat inconsistent characteristic of Elizabeth was a part in the movie wherein Elizabeth yelled at her mother in defiance, pointing to Elizabeth’s more negative behavior. This is somewhat contrary to the original Pride and Prejudice story because in the novel, the author did not make Elizabeth yell directly to her mother. While Austen made it obvious that Elizabeth has the characteristic to defy her mother, she did not do so directly and verbally. Another important point to raise here is that in consideration to the lifestyle and culture of the people during the time, daughters yelling at their mothers is something that is not common or usual compared to today, making it more unrealistic and not faithful to the original story and faithful to the culture in the real life during that time. Stephen Holden even went to the extent of claiming that Elizabeth’s 2005 portrayal is â€Å"not exactly the creature described in the 1813 novel (Holden 1). † Compressed Scenes The novel features a story that is considered lengthy if everything in it will be featured in the film. This is the same predicament that most movie adaptation of a novel encounters, and the movie adaptation of Pride and Prejudice is no exception. The director is forced to cut, shorten and compress the different parts of the story in the effort to make it faithful to the novel and still ideal for the movie market. Because of this, significant missing parts in the movie that was featured in the novel are some situations and circumstances which are deleted, cut or shortened. Take for example, the part wherein Elizabeth was visiting Pemberley, Hunsford Parsonage as well as Rosings Park – this, as well as other parts of the novels where heavily compressed. The story focusing on how Lydia eventually eloped in the novel was also something that was compressed. Changes in the Scene Some scenes that were described by the author in the original â€Å"Pride and Prejudice† novel was not translated similarly in the film version. For example, when Darcy proposed to Lizzy for the first time, the author placed this particular scenario somewhere inside the house of Mr. Collins. But the 2005 movie version of the novel made it different, because in the movie, the proposal was made by Darcy to Lizzy while they were both standing under the rain. There were also significant and noticeable changes even with the second proposal, since the circumstances that led to the second proposal were different in the book compared to the scenes shown in the movie. According to the novel, the proposal happened after Lizzy did something for Mrs. Bennet that sent Lizzy in a particular place that night, but the circumstances presented in the movie puts Lizzy in bed but unable to get sleep, so she went out for a short walk and in the process meeting Mr. Darcy who was also taking a walk thinking about something serious that involved Lizzie as well as Lady Catherine de Bourgh (Ernst 44). Introduction of New Scenes In comparing the movie and the novel, another noticeable characteristic is the presence of scenes, situations and circumstances which are integral in the movie but is nonetheless not found in the novel. For example, there was a scene wherein both Mr. Darcy and Elizabeth were seen by the audience walking one night with nothing but their night clothes on. This kind of situation is something that is not presented in the book, and an educated guess might point to the fact that there maybe some reasonable factors why such was not the case in the novel – because it is not realistic. And the reason why this is not realistic is because the temperature may not be very convenient for someone to walk around on their night clothes on at night, and because this is not the action of someone who is of Mr. Darcy or Elizabeth’s stature, not to mention that walking around in nightclothes is something that is not usual, common or even normal during the time and age presented in Pride and Prejudice. Still related to the discussion on how the movie presented some scenes which are not only consistent with the novel but is also not consistent with the practice of the people during that time/era is the scene wherein Lady Catherine paid the Bennets a visit late in the night, and the Bennets greeted their visitor wearing their night clothes only. This is not in the novel, and this goes against common cultural practice among homes. People during that time make sure that they are fully dressed before presenting themselves to visitors. And visitors don’t actually visit other people unannounced and in very inconvenient times of the day or night. Because of these inconsistencies, the audience cannot help but feel that the creation of the 2005 movie version did not only put in scenes and details that are not consistent with the novel, it was also reflective of the lack of sensitivity with regards to the time, era and period that the novel that the story represents. Besides the inability of the production to consider being faithful to the culture at the time, some audience may also feel that the production of the movie did not seriously studied the aspects and details that support and put together the story as it is (like culture, practices etc). Conclusion The 2005 movie adaptation of Pride and Prejudice can be viewed in different contrasting perspectives. On one side, it can be considered as a very successful movie considering that it is an adaptation from a very popular novel and that many other adaptations made in film were created before it. On the other side, people can simply focus on the flaws and failures of the movie adaptation and call the movie not a worthy enough to be considered a film adaptation. In the end, it’s all about perspective. While there are indeed problems, there are also merits that the movie earned for it to be considered as good enough. â€Å"Like any other film adaptation, Austen’s Pride and Prejudice has positive and negative conditions for a translation onto screen (Ernst 35). † The truth is that for all of the differences that the 2005 movie had when compared to the novel it was based on, this is not surprising since the predecessor of this movie adaptation – which was already numerous since there is the 1940, 1980 and 1995 version – also has several flaws themselves, particularly when it comes to bearing differences from the original novel. There were also other little changes that were seen in the 2005 film. According to the website IMBD, a website that focuses on providing information about movies, there was even a difference in the ending in the US film (Pride and Prejudice 6). For all of these things, the only consolation there is can be found in the effort to be faithful to the novel by the movie, and for what it failed to accomplish. The audience should understand that there is indeed no perfect movie adaptation, since both movie and novel, however similar in story, are still different entities by themselves (Lupack 277). Works Cited Ernst, Reni. The Presentation of Speech and Thought in Jane Austen’s Price and Prejudice and in Joe Wrigth’s Film Adaptation. GRIN Verlag, 2008. Holden, Stephen. â€Å"Marrying Off Those Bennet Sisters Again, but This Time Elizabeth Is a Looker. † New York Times. 11 November 2005. 22 February 2009 . Lupack, Barbara Tepa. Nineteenth Century Women at the Movies: Adapting Classic Women’s Fiction to Film. University of Wisconsin Press, 1999. â€Å"Pride and Prejudice. † IMBD. com. 2009. 22 February 2009 .

Insanity In Hamlet Essay - 975 Words

Questioning the Sanity of Hamlet In Hamlet by William Shakespeare, Hamlet’s sanity is questionable throughout the play. Insanity is defined as the â€Å"unsoundness of mind or lack of the ability to understand† (Merriam-Webster). In the play, Hamlet’s father, King Hamlet, is murdered by Claudius, Hamlet’s uncle, in secrecy. To make matter’s worse, Claudius then continues on to get married in an inscetuous relationship with Hamlet’s mother, the queen. Emotions are heightened when Hamlet then see’s a ghost that claim’s to be King Hamlet. The Ghost tells Hamlet that Claudius is the murderer and that Hamlet must seek revenge for his father’s death. In order to protect himself of being accused for treason, Hamlet decides he will act insane as an†¦show more content†¦Hamlet displays intelligence in the pursuit of avenging his father’s death. Hamlet again displays critical thinking when he does not blindly kill but first proves to himself that Claudius is, in fact, guilty. To do this, Hamlet requests a player to perform a play that Hamlet had edited to mimic King Hamlet’s murder. If Claudius â€Å"do blench, I know my course† (Shakespeare, II.ii.626-627), the course being murdering Claudius. By having a reaction to the play, Claudius is inadvertently admitting to Hamlet that he is guilty of murder. Some think that this is not enough evidence to commit treason, however, later in the play the readers learn that Claudius admits to murder in the secrecy of the church; â€Å"my offense is rank, it smells to the heavens; It hath the primal eldest curse upon ‘t, A brother’s murder† (Shakespeare, III.iii.40-42). By admitting his guilt it is know Hamlet is not insane, rather is justified in his pursuit of revenge. It is near impossible for Hamlet to prove Claudius guilty, and the play is the best way he can. It is irrefutable that the play is better than nothing, and this is a clear exhibit of critical thinking a quality insane people cannot posses. During the second appearance of the ghost, Hamlet is the only one who can see it. Many argue this is a sign the ghost is false, and Hamlet is crazy because he can see it. While having a conversation with his mother, Queen Gertrude, Hamlet sees the ghost and converses withShow MoreRelatedInsanity In Hamlet Essay1038 Words   |  5 PagesShakespeare’s tragedy, Hamlet, the protagonist, Prince Hamlet, is an inconsolable young man who struggles with the death of his father, King Hamlet. Hamlet is confronted by the ghost of his father in the first act and discovers the truth of his father’s death. The Prince is horrified at the disclosure that his Uncle, King Claudius has murdered his father. He also finds himself outraged by his mother’s hasty remarriage; however, the Ghost forbids him to cause her any harm. Hamlet promises to avenge hisRead MoreHamlet Insanity Essay1199 Words   |  5 PagesHamlet’s Insanity Hamlets actions display something of a madman. Hamlet’s madness contributes to the many examples that his insanity in fact seemed real. Few people believe his insanity seemed faked or feigned. Nevertheless Hamlets actions can get confusing, since he could be deeply in love one minute, then talking and screaming to himself the next. These events that have occurred may have altered Hamlets life, by leaving him horribly troubled, and in a state of madness. In the book HAMLET a deviceRead MoreInsanity In Hamlet Essay972 Words   |  4 PagesHamlet’s insanity has always been a controversial topic within literary analysis. Many individuals believe Hamlet has always been insane, while others believe that his insanity was an act he played the whole time. Ultimately however, throughout the play, Hamlet becomes legitimately insane due to the events that occur, the primary factor being the death of King Hamlet, his father. Seeing the ghost of King Hamlet is the beginning of his descent into insanity. Soon afterwards his mother marries ClaudiusRead MoreInsanity In Hamlet Essay1555 Words   |  7 PagesIn the play Hamlet, written by Shakespeare, the protagonist, Hamlet shows a state of instability which eventually leads to his irreversible actions. Many events have led to Hamlets insanity including his father’s death and his own mother marrying his uncle, the new king. This sets his enmity towards his uncle and results in his des ire of killing him. On top of this, Hamlet has suicidal thoughts. The big question here, is whether or not Hamlet should be charged with homicide, manslaughter or neitherRead More Madness and Insanity in Shakespeares Hamlet Essay3091 Words   |  13 PagesHamlet and Insanity      Ã‚  Ã‚   William Shakespeare’s creation of the character of Hamlet within the tragedy of that name left open the question of whether the madness of the protagonist is entirely feigned or not. This essay will treat this aspect of the drama.    George Lyman Kittredge in the Introduction to The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark, explains the lack of success with Hamlet’s pretended insanity, and in so doing he implies that the madness is entirely feigned and not real:Read More Insanity in Shakespeares Hamlet - The Madness of Hamlet Essay2270 Words   |  10 PagesThe Madness of Hamlet    William Shakespeare, in the tragedy Hamlet, designed two characters who exhibit symptoms of madness: Ophelia and the prince. Hamlet states his own madness as intentional, purposeful, for the carrying out of the ghost’s admonition. But does Hamlet’s pretended insanity actually touch on real, actual insanity from time to time, or is it consistent? Phyllis Abrahms and Alan Brody in â€Å"Hamlet and the Elizabethan Revenge Tragedy Formula† consider the madness of the heroRead More Madness and Insanity in Shakespeares Hamlet Essay1390 Words   |  6 Pages     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In Shakespeares Hamlet, there are two characters that display qualities of insanity.   They are Hamlet and Ophelia.   Although they both appear to be mad at times, their downfall (or supposed downfall) is quite different.   Ophelias crazed characteristics show up and intensify quite rapidly, until she is ultimately led to suicide.   Her madness seems definite, and it is never questioned.   The insanity or sanity of the main character is an arguable question.   The issue can be discussed bothRead More Use of Insanity and Madness in Hamlet Essay1141 Words   |  5 Pages It is or is it not true that Hamlet was faking his insanity? I’m not saying Hamlet was faking the whole thing. The meaning for insanity on Dictionary.com is â€Å"a permanent disorder of the mind.† I dont think Hamlet had a permanent disorder of the mind he knew what he was doing and even planned the majority of the events that happened. Most of the time anyway. Having your father die is bad enough, but to have your mother marry your uncle, within a few weeks of your father’s death? Then to seeRead More Madness and Insanity in Shakespeares Hamlet Essay964 Words   |  4 PagesHamlet - A Question of Madness      Ã‚   Hamlets public persona is a facade he has created to carry out his ulterior motives. The outside worlds perception of him as being mad is of his own design. Hamlet is deciding what he wants others to think about him. Polonius, a close confidant of the King, is the leading person responsible for the publics knowledge of Hamlets madness. The idea that Hamlet is mad centers around the fact that he talks to the ghost of his dead father. He communicates withRead MoreEssay on hamlet: sanity vs insanity842 Words   |  4 Pages when he starts to carry out those actions, its it possible to say at what point the stops pretending and starts actually being crazy?†. In Hamlet by William Shakespeare, the way others interpret Hamlet’s behavior is different from the way Hamlet views himself. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Hamlet is in a situation where his sanity is turning into insanity. He is like one of those people who tell so many lies that they start believing their own lies. Hamlet’s acting is so vivid to him that, unconsciously